Q235 (GB/T 700) is China's most produced low-carbon structural round steel, with mechanical properties tailored for general engineering:
Yield strength: ≥235 MPa (for thickness ≤16mm), ensuring it resists permanent deformation under sustained loads like building frames or scaffolding.
Tensile strength: 375–500 MPa, providing sufficient ductility for bending and forming without fracturing.
Elongation: ≥26% (for thin sections), allowing it to stretch during earthquakes or impact-vital for construction safety.
Impact toughness: ≥27 J at 20°C (unnotched), though not specified for low temperatures, limiting use in cold climates.
These properties make Q235 ideal for non-critical structural roles: highway guardrails, warehouse shelving, and light machinery frames. It aligns with ASTM A36 (USA) and EN 10025-2 S235JR (EU), though S235JR has stricter -20°C impact requirements. On Made-in-China, Q235 is frequently listed as "Q235 Hot-Rolled Round Bar for Construction," with annual production exceeding 50 million tons.