H-beam performance is defined by:
Yield Strength:
Ranges from 235 MPa (Q235, China) to 450 MPa (ASTM A572 Grade 65), determining the load capacity before deformation. For example, S355 (Europe) with ≥355 MPa suits high-rise frames.
Tensile Strength:
Typically 1.2–1.5× yield strength (e.g., Q355 has ≥510 MPa), ensuring fracture resistance.
Ductility:
Elongation ≥15% (e.g., ASTM A36) allows plastic deformation without sudden failure, crucial for seismic zones.
Impact Toughness:
Measured via Charpy tests (e.g., A572 Grade 50 offers ≥27 J at -20°C), vital for cold climates.
Corrosion Resistance:
Weathering steels (e.g., Corten) form a protective rust layer, while galvanized H-beams (85μm zinc) reduce corrosion to 0.01mm/year in urban areas.