Why is tungsten a refractory metal?
From an atomic structure point of view, the atomic structure of tungsten is closer than that of other metals, with higher atomic number, atomic radius and atomic bonds. These properties make the bond between tungsten atoms stronger, requiring higher energy to separate the tungsten atoms from each other, thus melting the tungsten.
From the perspective of melting point and thermal stability, tungsten has a high melting point and thermal stability, so it is not easy to melt, oxidize or evaporate even at very high temperatures. It is worth mentioning that the boiling point of tungsten is about 5660°C, the heat of fusion is about 35.3kJ/mol, and the heat of vaporization is about 806.7kJ/mol.
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