Chemical composition characteristics of tool steel
In order to make tool steel to obtain high hardness, wear resistance, thermal stability and adequate strength and toughness, the chemical composition requires a high carbon content, carbon mass fraction is usually 0.6% ~ 1.3%.
High carbon content can ensure that the steel after quenching to get high carbon martensite, so as to get high hardness and deformation resistance; at the same time, high carbon content can form a sufficient number of carbides to ensure high wear resistance.
In order to ensure that the tool steel has sufficient NMenability and the formation of alloy carbides, the need to add certain alloying elements. The alloying elements added are mainly carbide-forming elements that give the steel high hardness and wear resistance, such as Cr, W, Mo, V and so on.
In low alloy tool steel, also assisted by the addition of some Mn and Si, mainly to reduce the deformation of the tool in the heat treatment, and increase the NMenability and temper resistance of steel.
Due to the high carbon content of tool steel, its plasticity and toughness is worse than structural steel. In order to improve the plastic toughness of tool steel, reduce the possibility of quenching and cracking during heat treatment, tool steel on the steel purity requirements are high, the sulfur, phosphorus mass fraction are generally limited to 0.02% ~ 0.03% below.
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